NO.
Ok, they're working.
Well, you tried. My guess(tm) is that you have XP SP2 firewall enabled. This is a good thing but does require a bit of tweaking to work on a local network. Control Panel -> Firewall Admin -> Exceptions tab Check the box next to "File and Print Sharing" (or somethin like that). Do it on both computahs.
You also need to mark the printer as shared. Go to the machine that has the printer attached. Control Panel -> Printers Right click on the printer icon, and select "Sharing". Enable sharing for the printer. A hand will appear under the icon to show that it's shared.
Before you can use anything on a different computer, you have to have a login on that computer. Make sure that BOTH computers have identical user logins: Control Panel -> Users and identical passwords for identical users (except perhaps administrator).
Also, be sure that the Workgroup name is identical on both machines. Microsoft uses MSHOME but I prefer the older WORKGROUP. Right click on the "My Computah" icon and select "Network Identification" tab and then "Properties" to change the workgroup name.
Your rumors are false. There's no difference between Home and Pro printing or networking unless you are on a big messy corporate LAN. See:
No. However, the prayers of Bill Gates will be answered if you upgrade.
Sharing in Pro is the same as in Home. Your problems will remain. What you need is a good step by step proceedure for dealing with shares. Maybe using the Computer Management tool will help.