Actually, the logo came from an 1898 painting by Francis Barraud first titled "Dog looking at and listening to a phonograph" and later retitled "His Master's Voice". Mr Barraud tried to sell the painting to the Edison Bell Company, the leading manufacturer of phonographs, but they weren't interested. However, the Gramophone Company was interested, providing that he painted out the Edison phonograph and inserted a picture of their model instead. They bought the revised painting and the copyright in 1899. A few years later, they merged with another company to become the Victor Talking Machine Company, and eventually that company was bought by RCA.
The dog's name was Nipper, because he bit. Nipper died in 1895, a few years before the painting.