The same article reported that Direct Distance Dialing (1+) was
> available for all NYC subscribers. They could dial up to 39 states
> and provinces. Obviously many areas couldn't yet receive DDD calls in 1960.
New York City subscribers never used 1+ they either dialed 7 digits or a 3 digit area code and 7 digits since they were mostly running panel and crossbar offices. 1+ and 112+ were mostly used for step-by-step offices though 1+ was adopted for DDD in areas that did have common control switching (panel and crossbar.)