Excerpt from the press release
Google Launches Open, Instant Communications Service
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Greater Availability of Gmail
Google Talk requires a Gmail username and password, and starting today, Google is making it easier for anyone in the U.S. with access to a mobile phone to sign up for a Gmail account. When users visit
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and enter their mobile phone number, they will receive an invitation code via a text message. This code enables them to open an account. With a Gmail account, users can try both Gmail and Google Talk, and begin inviting their friends and family to talk with them for free over email, IM or a voice call.