In a prior discussion we were comparing long distance voice charges against telegraph rates for the 1950s. We were curious as to when the telephone became cheaper than the telegraph for sending messages.
It has been hard to find Western Union rates. In checking the New York Times electronic index for the 1950s I found that:
1) Confirmation of a post that rates were indeed graduated by mileage zone. Further, there were different rates for intra- and inter-state messages. In state rates were controlled by the state's PUC, interstate by the FCC.2) Rates included various commercial services, such as press wires and private line services. There were also money orders. Rates also had sub parts, such as delivery charges waived in certain circumstances.
3) There were several steep rate increases reported in the 1950s, about 8-10%. At the same time Bell was lowering rates.4) In 1974 the basic telegram went up from $1.30 to $3.00 in a rate increase. I understand by then the Telegraph was obsolete. In 1974 AT&T offered dialed direct discounts on toll calls.
5) Almost all articles referred to the percentage of the increase only, there was nowhere I could find any kind of rate table.6) In August 1951 I found that:
a) The minium length of the basic telegram (rate not shown) was increased from 15 words from 10 with about a 10% rate increase.
b) A "Day Letter", which I think was the intermediate grade and sent on a delayed basis, was to cost from 65c to $2.10.
c) A "Night Letter" which was overnight service was to cost $0.40 to $1.20.
d) I don't know what the basic Telegram cost, which is needed for this comparison. Anybody have any ideas for that time frame (1951)?
7) There was another rate increase in 1956.Given all this, it would seem that in 1956 a telegram was somewhat cheaper than a long distance phone call. For business people, a written record was helpful and more reliable. Further, business people often called person to person which cost more and took some time to set up.
The other question when the next AT&T long distance rate reduction took place. I recall the mid 1960s charging $2.00 for a coast to coast call during the day time; in the 1950s that was the night rate for such a call.
I bet some business writer wrote an article "Telephone or Telegraph" around 1960 discussing these changes in communication.
Hopefully I can find a library with _both_ old Western Union and AT&T annual reports and check out message traffic statistics, if available.