Fiber Optics How to eliminate the polarization effects in Sagnac interferometer based sensor?

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How to eliminate the polarization effects in Sagnac interferometer based sensor? zcx83 08-02-07
Posted by zcx83 on August 2, 2007, 5:10 am
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I want to build a distributed vibration sensor using sagnac
interferometer. how to eliminate the adverse polarization effects?
some prior works utilized two polarization controllers ,one after the
laser source and the other before the PD. I want to know exactly how
they works and is there any other scheme?

Another question. If i just compose a single loop using a laser
source , a detector , a 2*2 coupler and SM fiber, what will i see from
the detector? The two counter-propagating waves have a pi/2*2=pi phase
shift cause one of them passed across the coupler twice. Is it means
that all light will go back to the source?

Thank you!


Posted by m4svosm on August 2, 2007, 9:01 am
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> I want to build a distributed vibration sensor using sagnac
> interferometer. how to eliminate the adverse polarization effects?
> some prior works utilized two polarization controllers ,one after the
> laser source and the other before the PD. I want to know exactly how
> they works and is there any other scheme?
>
> Another question. If i just compose a single loop using a laser
> source , a detector , a 2*2 coupler and SM fiber, what will i see from
> the detector? The two counter-propagating waves have a pi/2*2=pi phase
> shift cause one of them passed across the coupler twice. Is it means
> that all light will go back to the source?
>
> Thank you!

Hi, you can eliminate pz effects completely using a polarization
maintaining fiber and polarization maintaining couplers, although this
is a somewht expensive option. If you chose so, make sure you have a
polarized probe light. You have to couple this light then to one of
the polarization-maintaining axes of the fiber.

You description of the loop is not quite clear, although it seems you
described so-called Sagnac loop mirror. That mirror will reflect all
light to the input port, provided that a coupler have exact 50:50
coupling ratio.


Posted by Chengxian.Zhang on August 6, 2007, 5:32 am
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> Hi, you can eliminate pz effects completely using a polarization
> maintaining fiber and polarization maintaining couplers, although this
> is a somewht expensive option. If you chose so, make sure you have a
> polarized probe light. You have to couple this light then to one of
> the polarization-maintaining axes of the fiber.
>
> You description of the loop is not quite clear, although it seems you
> described so-called Sagnac loop mirror. That mirror will reflect all
> light to the input port, provided that a coupler have exact 50:50
> coupling ratio.

Thank you very much!
I now know that the loop i madeup several days ago is exactly the so-
called "fiber loop mirror". So that's why i needed a very big
amplification coefficient to get a better signal display on the
oscillograph.
Actually i have no PM fiber so i have to find some else schemes to
instead. Some patents by E.Udd said that using a polarization
scrambling element in the loop can reduce the polarization induced
noise in the system. I 'm going to find some related papers of other
refrences to make a full view and understand of this. And some other
distributed vibration sensing methods with the ability of locating of
the disturbance also under my consideration.


Posted by AES on August 6, 2007, 11:56 am
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> > You description of the loop is not quite clear, although it seems you
> > described so-called Sagnac loop mirror. That mirror will reflect all
> > light to the input port, provided that a coupler have exact 50:50
> > coupling ratio.
>
> Thank you very much!
> I now know that the loop i madeup several days ago is exactly the so-
> called "fiber loop mirror".
>
>
> I 'm going to find some related papers of other
> refrences to make a full view and understand of this. And some other
> distributed vibration sensing methods with the ability of locating of
> the disturbance also under my consideration.

There's considerable useful understanding to be gained by digging into
the history of what I first called the "antiresonant ring" concept (and
which others then pointed out to me was a Sagnac interferometer), as
applied to multiple different applications in ordinary lasers, pre-fiber
optics, which in turn had its own pre-history in microwave waveguides,
including "Magic Tees" and related waveguide concepts, e.g.

AES, "An antiresonant ring interferometer for coupled laser
cavities, laser output coupling, mode locking, and cavity
dumping," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-9, 247--250, Feb 1973.

AES, "Laser system with an antiresonant optical ring,"
U.S. Patent #3,869,210 (1975).

Send me an email and I'll send or post online an annotated list of 30 or
40 subsequent publications by me and (mostly) by others on this general
topic.

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